Summary

• The core focus is adaptation in frequently drought-prone, rainfed farming systems in Southern India.
• Field-based interventions combined diversified cropping, drought-tolerant varieties, intercropping, conservation furrows, and improved livestock support.
• Reported outcomes include higher system productivity and stronger drought-year performance compared with usual farmer practices.
• The evidence base is still largely practical and context-specific, with an emphasis on small and marginal farmers facing low yields and livelihood stress.
• Broader Indian climate-resilience programs reinforce the same direction through contingency planning, seed systems, resilient varieties, micro-irrigation, and insurance.
• The topic is linked to a wider debate about how far integrated or traditional farming approaches can be scaled across vulnerable regions.